However, the more recent development of highly sensitive and specific methods for MOG antibody detection using cell-based assays, along with new diagnostic classification of similar neuroinflammatory conditions, has made it possible to identify a subset of patients with antibodies to MOG who express a clinical phenotype distinct from MS or from neuromyelitis optica (NMO) [12–15]. The gene discussed is MOG; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.