ACT refers to the collection and manipulation of a patient's lymphocytes to target and kill cancer cells, first described when Delorme et al. observed that transferred lymphocytes could inhibit proliferating sarcomas in rat models (151).The first report of this approach for human use was in 1988 by Rosenburg et al. They used tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in combination with interleukin-2 to treat metastatic melanoma. The gene discussed is IL2; the disease is neoplasm.