Since neurotoxicity, another hallmark shared by many neurodegenerative diseases, is either directly affected by neuronal kinases or indirectly by signaling pathways mediated by microglial activation via microglial kinases (Lee and Suk, 2018), targeting common PKs shared by both neuron and microglia may serve as promising therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases. The gene discussed is ARAF; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.