ABL1 and Parkinson disease: Earlier studies have provided evidence that c-Abl plays multiple roles in neuronal development by positively regulating synapse formation, neurulation, and dendrogenesis (Schlatterer et al., 2011), and that aberrant activation of c-Abl is shown to be associated with AD and PD (Derkinderen et al., 2005; Ko et al., 2010; Tremblay et al., 2010; Imam et al., 2011; Gonfloni et al., 2012; Lindholm et al., 2016).