The protein expression of Rac-1 by western blotting (Figure 6A), CTGF (0.06 ± 0.01 vs. 0.14 ± 0.04, n = 6 per group, P = 0.001) and N-cadherin (0.08 ± 0.01 vs. 0.12 ± 0.01, n = 6 per group, P = 0.000) by immunohistochemistry (Figures 6B, C) were significantly increased in the CKD group compared with the sham group. Here, CDH2 is linked to chronic kidney disease.