Our findings revealed that short-term treatment with a high dose of EVR (5 mg/kg for 7 days on days 21-28 post STZ injection when the learning and memory impairments were established) or chronic administration of low (1 mg/kg) or high (5 mg/kg) doses of EVR from day 0 (day of STZ icv injection) to day 20, were able to attenuate STZ-induced learning and memory deficits by inhibiting oxidative stress, amelioration of neuronal injury, and restoration of AChE activity in the hippocampus. This evidence concerns the gene ACHE and memory impairment.