Chen and colleagues performed the first systematic and comprehensive analysis using a sequencing-based approach [6], and demonstrated that AZIN1 RNA was specifically enhanced in HCC tissues, and significantly correlated with disease progression in HCC patients. AZIN1 belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, and plays a role in maintaining polyamine homeostasis which are important for various cellular functions, including cell growth [7, 8]. The gene discussed is AZIN1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.