JAK2 and myeloproliferative neoplasm: The best characterized example is JAK2 where somatic mutations in JH2 (JAK2 V617F and >30 other mutations) result in constitutively active JAK2 and are responsible for approximately 80% of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and less frequently for different types of leukaemias including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (5, 14, 15).