Overall, our results provide convincing evidence that the pharmacological modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway attenuates bowel inflammation in DNBS-induced colitis, and that direct NLRP3 inhibition by INF39 is more effective than caspase-1 inhibition by YVAD or IL-1β receptor blockade by anakinra in controlling several parameters associated with intestinal inflammation. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is colitis.