In particular, caspase-11 overactivation during bowel inflammation contributes to the massive release of IL-1β through activation of the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the inhibition of both canonical and non-canonical caspase-11-dependent NLRP3 activation has been found to exert anti-inflammatory effects on colitis in mice (Márquez-Flores et al., 2016). Here, IL1B is linked to colitis.