Therefore, the population of Moneragala district have a higher chance to repeated exposure of malaria leading to higher seropositivity rates for MSP1-19_Pf, compared to the population from Kurunegala district, where people with lesser exposure will indicate a higher proportion of seropositivity for AMA1_Pf (due to high immunogenicity), but not for MSP1-19_Pf. Here, ATAD1 is linked to malaria.