The effect estimates of CUBN rs141640975 were more than threefold higher in the type 2 diabetes group (β = 0.69; p = 2.0 × 10−5; ESM Fig. 8) in comparison with the non-diabetes group (β = 0.20; p = 0.002; ESM Fig. 9) with a significant interaction based on diabetes status (pinteraction = 7.0 × 10−4) (Fig. 4). This evidence concerns the gene CUBN and type 2 diabetes mellitus.