This study, showing that Usf1 deficiency enhances cholesterol efflux, lowers macrophage inflammatory status, and reduces cholesterol accumulation, supports and expands our previous findings, in which we showed that Usf1 deficiency results in higher HDL-C, lower triglycerides, and protection against diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and atherosclerosis [16]. The gene discussed is USF1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.