In particular, OLIG2 has been shown to play a key role in oligodendrocyte differentiation [27,28]; LYL1 is known in relation to T cell leukaemogenesis [29] and hematopoiesis [30]; AR participates in sexual differentiation [31] and is central to the development and treatment of prostate cancer [32]; SOX10 has been implicated in the regulation of embryonic development [33] and in proliferation and survival of hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic tumors [34,35]. The gene discussed is LYL1; the disease is prostate cancer.