With regard to S1P and S1PRs in pathophysiology in the liver, it has been demonstrated that S1P is involved in hepatic insulin resistance via S1PR2, and enhances hepatic lipid storage via S1PR2 and S1PR3, and S1PR1 is responsible for the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [9]. Here, MBTPS1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.