VDAC1 and neoplasm: Using a sub-cutaneous or an intracranial-orthotopic GBM model, we demonstrated that si-VDAC1 inhibited tumor growth, with the residual tumor showing reversed oncogenic properties, such as reprogramed metabolism, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasiveness and stemness, leading to differentiation into neuron- and astrocyte-like cells 91 (Fig. 4).