IL1A and Alzheimer disease: In patient groups, these levels remained low in SMC (0.30 ± 1.12 and 0.19 ± 1.55, respectively) and MCI (0.16 ± 0.76 and 0.26 ± 1.24, respectively) and increased in the AD group (3.6 ± 16.2 pg/ml and 3.2 ± 13.5 pg/ml, respectively), reaching statistical significance in the comparison AD vs. NHS (p = 0.018) for IL-1α, and AD vs. NHS (p = 0.014), AD vs. SMC (p = 0.046), and AD vs. MCI (p = 0.012) for IL-1β (Fig. 1, upper panels).