These effects of the miRNA 106a~363 cluster are mediated by inhibition of their targets such as Nfat5 and Rorc. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including those with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and autoimmune enteropathy (AIE), have significantly reduced NFAT5 expression (130). Here, NFAT5 is linked to autoimmune enteropathy.