AKT1 and breast cancer: Xu et al. (2011) revealed that osthole treatment caused G2/M arrest and apoptosis via modulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in lung cancer A549 cells. Besides, osthole was found to inhibit invasion and metastasis through down-regulation of MMP-5 and MMP-9 level in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (Kao et al., 2012). Moreover, studies revealed that osthole exerted anti-tumor effects on HER2-overexpressed breast cancer through inhibiting the c-Met/Akt/mTOR pathway (Lin et al., 2010; Hung et al., 2011).