Therefore, in addition to elucidating a critical role for caspase-11 in IL-1β production in established colorectal tumours, our data show that, once initiated, IL-1β signalling drives caspase-11 upregulation in BMDM, IECs and CT26 murine CRC cells, to further promote its pro-inflammatory effects. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is colorectal neoplasm.