NDRG1 and central nervous system cancer: Whereas some reports claim that NDRG1 expression is inversely related with glioma progression from low-grade oligodendrogliomas [39], other studies indicate that the overall survival of GBM patients with upregulation of NDRG1 is reduced as compared to patients with intermediate or low expression of the gene, thus proposing NDRG1 acting mainly as an oncogene in GBM [40, 41].