In conclusion, our experiments in vivo and in vitro conducted in the DN rat model and HG-stressed podocyte model suggest that P2X7R and NLRP3 inflammasome are involved in the pathogenesis of DN including its podocyte injury and Ophiocordyceps sinensis including ACOS can effectively alleviate the podocyte injury of DN. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is liver dysplastic nodule.