A study of the same cohort of European- and African-Americans revealed that the activating allele KIR3DS1 is also associated with delayed progression to AIDS in conjunction with HLA-B Bw4-80I alleles, independent of the expression of the respective HLA-B Bw4-80I alleles HLA-B*57 or HLA-B*27 (145). Here, HLA-B is linked to AIDS.