Notably, the involvement of ADNP in cognitive performance is not limited to the ADNP syndrome but is extended to schizophrenia (Merenlender-Wagner et al., 2015) and Alzheimer's disease (Malishkevich et al., 2016) with ADNP transcripts dysregulated in lymphocytes in both diseases and with ADNP blood levels correlating with intelligence (Malishkevich et al., 2016). Here, ADNP is linked to ADNP-related multiple congenital anomalies - intellectual disability - autism spectrum disorder.