TSPO and post-traumatic stress disorder: Combined with the immunoblots of TSPO in punched hippocampus tissue, the results showed that foot-shock procedure significantly reduced the expression of TSPO (P = 0.0143), and chronic administration of Ser or Lv-TSPO injection clearly increased the TSPO expression (P = 0.0286 for Lv-NC+Ser+FS vs. Lv-NC+FS; P = 0.0143 for Lv-TSPO+FS vs. Lv-NC+FS) at the same time of exerting the anti-PTSD-like effect.