Furthermore, WT and DKO iPSCs injected into opposite flanks of nude mice (Fig. 5d), generate teratoma that grow at comparable rates (Fig. 5e), differentiate into the three germ layers, and express similar levels of germ layer specific markers such as TUJ1 for neuroectoderm, MF20 for mesoderm, and AFP for endoderm (Fig. 5f). Here, AFP is linked to teratoma.