Lack of normalization of CD8 cell counts in HIV-positive individuals was also observed in a recent study by the Danish HIV Cohort.40 Elevated CD8 cell count levels are suggestive of ongoing residual immune activation, and residual HIV viremia, coinfections (such as CMV41), microbial translocation, loss of immunoregulatory responses, and hypercoagulability are all thought to contribute.42,43. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is thrombophilia.