ASZ1 and melanoma: To reveal any underlying caspase-independent pathways induced by PCV2 ORF3 Q-VD-Oph, an irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor was added to mouse melanoma (B16F10) and porcine kidney 15 (PK15) cells 30 min prior transfection with PCV2-ORF3 encoding or empty plasmid.