MSI-High CRCs induce inflammation by generation of expressed peptides from frameshifted genes that are recognized as neoantigens by the immune system (15, 32) and induce memory T cell differentiation with tumor cells acquiring PD-1 receptors (57); however, it is the CD8+/CD45RO+ T cell immune response irrespective of being an MSI-High or microsatellite stable (MSS) tumor that may be a more over-riding determinant of patient outcome (57). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.