Recent studies suggest that SGK1 mediates AngII-induced sodium reabsorption via sodium-hydrogen exchanger-3 (NHE3) expression and Na+ reabsorption in proximal tubular cells (Vallon et al., 2006; Stevens et al., 2008), and renal fibrosis by stimulating connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression in human kidney fibroblasts (Hussain et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene SLC9A3 and renal fibrosis.