TOP2A and neoplasm: Using the observed average HER2 copy number, which varied from 3.99 to 3.25 per tumor cell divided on a case-by-case basis by the correspondingly observed average alternative control copy number, we demonstrated ratios greater than 2.0 for 37 cases using SMS, 12 with RARA, 11 with D17S122, 2 with TP53, and 1 with TOP2A as the denominators in the HER2-to-control ratio calculations.