In fact, growth factors like NGF, bFGF, and TGF-β1 implement their physiological functions under normal conditions; however, overexpression of NGF, bFGF, and TGF-β1 in the bladder, which is induced by BPH and BOO, evolves into a pathophysiological condition. The gene discussed is FGF2; the disease is benign prostatic hyperplasia.