However, most studies of inflammatory activity in preeclampsia have been conducted either following diagnosis or, if prior, they examined only a few inflammatory markers (e.g. C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL) 6, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1) [18, 19] (for exceptions, see refs. [21, 24]). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is preeclampsia.