In particular, differentially expressed genes from the positive leading edge of the GSEA (from Fig. 2b) include those associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (e.g., Vim, Zeb1, and Twist2), cell and focal adhesion (e.g., Itga5, Col4a1, and Col4a2), membrane type matrix metalloproteinases (e.g., Mmp14), and developmental pathways (e.g., Wnt5A) as well as other genes known to promote metastasis of prostate (e.g., Etv45) or other cancers (e.g., Hmga27) (Fig. 2c). The gene discussed is COL4A1; the disease is cancer.