KRT88P and infection: Establishment of productive HBV replication upon infection was confirmed by measuring HBV 3.5-kb mRNA (pregenomic RNA [pgRNA]) using NanoString technology while expression of HBcAg and HBsAg was quantified by flow cytometry using anti-HBs- and anti-HBc-specific antibodies at 12 h, 18 h, and days 1, 3, and 7 p.i. NanoString probe design is shown in Fig. 2b.