TNF and Huntington disease: Blockade of TNF-α using Xpro1595 (a dominant negative inhibitor of soluble TNF-α) [151] in vivo led to significant beneficial effects on disease progression in HD mice [152] and reduced the expression of NKCC1 (Y-T Hsu, Y-G Chang, Y-C Li, K-Y Wang, H-M Chen, D-J Lee, C-H Tsai, C-C Lien, Y Chern 2018, personal communication).