In contrast, we provided direct evidence that the CP of Mpdz−/− mice was leaky and structurally defective, implying that the hydrocephalus formed because of imbalance between the rate of CSF production and removal from the lateral ventricles through the relatively narrow 3rd ventricle, aqueduct, and 4th ventricle, resulting in the expansion and merging of the lateral ventricles into the large void we detected in the brains of Mpdz−/− mice. Here, CP is linked to Hydrocephalus.