VHL and renal cell carcinoma: The molecular mechanisms underlying RCC pathogenesis are only beginning to emerge with the identification of novel targets of VHL (Anderson et al., 2011; Hasanov et al., 2017; Ivan et al., 2001; Kuznetsova et al., 2003; Lai et al., 2011b; Mikhaylova et al., 2008; Na et al., 2003; Okuda et al., 2001; Xie et al., 2009; Xue et al., 2012) linking it to a range of cellular functions including maintenance of mitotic spindle orientation (Hell et al., 2014; Thoma et al., 2009) and the primary cilium (Dere et al., 2015; Lolkema et al., 2008; Thoma et al., 2007).