Furthermore, Western blot showed that autophagy, as represented by the level of BECN1, SQSTM1/p62, LC3-I, and LC3-II, was significantly activated in isolated AMs from BML-111-pre-treated ALI rats, when compared to ALI rats (P < 0.01, Fig. 6d), supporting contribution of BML-111-induced autophagy to ALI amelioration. Here, BECN1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.