CXCR2 and its ligand CXCL5 are enriched in human atherosclerotic coronary arteries, where a CXCL5 genetic variant may be a molecular marker and target for treatment in coronary artery disease.37 Furthermore, CXCR2 KO mice have improved sensitivity to insulin in an obesity induced model of insulin resistance.25 Given the significant role that adipocytes play in atherosclerosis and obesity induced insulin resistance38 it seems possible, though speculative at this stage, that CXCR2 mediated adipocyte differentiation may play a significant role in these processes. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.