SOX2 and cancer: In GBM, the glioma cells acquired stemness upon induction of SOX2 by inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4) and showed resistance to anti-cancer drugs BCNU (1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) by upregulating the expression of ABCC3 and ABCC6, indicating that SOX2 played a pivotal role in controlling ABC transporter-mediated chemoresistance in both patients-derived and induced GSCs (Jeon et al., 2011).