Compared with HFE-145 immortalized gastric epithelial cells (fold change, mean ± SD: 1.00 ± 0.02) and non-neoplastic gastric mucosae (fold change, 0.91 ± 0.18), nine cancer cell lines (fold change, 0.23 ± 0.04, P < 0.01) and gastric cancer tissues (fold change, 0.14 ± 0.05, P < 0.01) showed reduced NKX6.3 expression (Supplementary Fig. S1A). This evidence concerns the gene NKX6-3 and cancer.