TP53 and acute myeloid leukemia: This higher incidence of TP53 mutations in t-AML has recently been demonstrated by Wong and collaborators [49], who showed that cytotoxic chemotherapy selects pre-existing HSC, mutated for TP53. These pre-existing TP53 mutations correspond to CHIP and are resistant to chemotherapy or radiation regimen, thereby, giving a selective advantage to the mutated-clone over the normal chemo-sensitive HSC, which could expand after treatment.