This is the case, for instance, of fingolimod (a functional S1P modulator used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis), the EP4 antagonist grapiprant (a veterinary drug used against osteoarthritis in dogs), the antiplatelet PAR1 antagonist varopaxar, anti-HIV-1 drugs and chemokine receptors inhibitors maraviroc and vicriviroc, in addition to the sartan family members valsartan, candesartan and losartan, which are AT1R and AT2R inhibitors recommended for use in heart failure patients. This evidence concerns the gene PTGER4 and osteoarthritis.