Among these transcripts, four were up-regulated (SNAP23, G6PD, IL6, and IRS2) and seven were down-regulated (ACLY, GPD1, NSF, STXBP2, PDX1, SREBF1, and IRS1), with a two-fold or greater expression difference between the GDM/SIRT1(↑) and NGT groups (Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene IRS1 and gestational diabetes.