CTLA4 and cancer: In this context it is timely that the 2018 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine was just awarded to Allison and Honjo, for the discovery of checkpoint blockade therapy, which represents a new concept in cancer treatment, This depend on the treatment with MAbs but these do not to target the cancer cells directly but rather indirectly by releasing the breaks on T cells (anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1) (90, 91).