Silent information regulatory factor-1 (SIRT-1) can be activated in oxidative stress; it can inhibit NADPH oxidase (Zarzuelo et al., 2013) and promote the expression of manganese-dependent SOD (MnSOD), catalase (CAT) and other genes that reduce the oxidative stress in AD, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetes, and aging (Chong et al., 2012; Kitada et al., 2016). The gene discussed is CAT; the disease is diabetes mellitus.