SHANK1 and autism spectrum disorder: Genetic defects in the three SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains (SHANK) genes (SHANK1, SHANK2, and SHANK3) are associated with multiple major neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and bipolar disorder (BPD; Guilmatre et al., 2014; Bourgeron, 2015; de la Torre-Ubieta et al., 2016).