Studies have demonstrated that the expression of regulators of actin reorganization is essential for pseudopod formation and associated with tumour cell migration and invasion, such as Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family proteins, the Arp2/3 complex, Eps 8, α-actinin, fascin, filamin, LIM kinase/cofilin, and cortactin42,44,45. This evidence concerns the gene WAS and neoplasm.