Using an RCC model that involved surgical resection of primary kidney tumours derived from orthotopic implantation of the RENCAluc cell line, this study showed no prolongation of OS with adjuvant anti-PD-L1 monotherapy compared to controls, while the adjuvant combination of sunitinib and anti-PD-L1 improved OS compared to either drug alone. Here, CD274 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.