To our knowledge, only four preclinical studies have investigated the co-targeting of VEGF-A and PD-1,15 co-targeting of VEGFR2 plus PD-1,16 co-targeting of VEGFR2 plus PD-L1,17 as well as triple targeting of VEGF, Angiopoietin-2, and PD-118—and these have relied heavily on primary tumour models (of melanoma,18 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PNETs),17 and colorectal15,16,18 and breast cancer17,18) and only utilised one metastatic model (of breast cancer18). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.