INS and Insulin resistance: PANDER is co‐secreted with insulin in pancreatic β cells upon the stimulation of glucose and other insulin secretagogues.4 Islet‐secreted PANDER contributed to islet β cell dysfunctions under obese or stress conditions.5, 6, 7, 8, 9 PANDER also binds to the liver membrane and induces insulin resistance.10 Specific overexpression of PANDER in mouse islets causes hepatic insulin resistance, and enhances gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis,11, 12 further confirming that the liver is one target tissue of pancreatic‐derived PANDER.