FOXA1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In the past decade, over 70 loci in the human genome have been identified as potential risk factors in T2DM by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including transcription factor-7-like 2 (TCF7L2), forkhead box A1 (FOXA1), and A2 (FOXA2), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4A) and high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) (Pullinger et al., 2014; Cheng et al., 2017).